Analytical Exposition

Activity 1

Definition of Analytical Exposition

Exposition is a text that elaborates the writer‘s idea about the phenomenon surrounding. Its social function is to persuade the reader that the idea is important matter.

Social function of Analytical Exposition

Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition

1.Thesis: Introducing the topic and indicating the writer’s position
2.Argument 1: Explaining the argument to support the writer’s position
3.Argument 2: Explaining the other arguments support the writer’s position more
4.Reiteration: Restating the writer’s position

Language Features of Analytical Exposition

Using relational process
Using internal conjunction
Using causal conjunction
Using Simple Present Tense

A.   Reading section

TEXT I

Camping, this is another fun activity in school holidays. Why do I say that?
Firstly, camping activities can make you learn to survive in nature, which is like cook. You can’t buy fried chicken or Padang Rice at nature. You must cook for your own self. You can’t cook rice with rice cooker. You must cook rice with a pan, which in Sundanese called “ngaliwet”.
Secondly, you can learn to love and keep your environment. In nature, don’t throw away the rubbish anywhere! You have to collect your own rubbish and put it in to a big plastic bag.
Thirdly, it’s cheaper than should fill your holidays to Dufan or Sea World. You just have to choose a beautiful place around you. There are many kind beautiful places around our environment. Don’t go camping alone. Bring your family or friends and make your camping pretty fun.
Therefore, camping is a good activity in school holidays.

The first paragraph is thesis

The second, third, and forth are arguments

And the last paragraph is reiteration.

TEXT II

Why Don’t We Realize English Day?

In this global era, we should participate in all international activity. So, if we want to be a part of world, we should speak in English. But, not all can speak in English. Some of us can’t speak in English because they are not ordinary use this language. So, why don’t we to realization English Day?

Firstly, as explain in the first paragraph. English day will make people use it as a habitual. As we know, language is faster to understanding if we always hear and practice it. So, it will be better if we always speak in English more than one day.

Secondly, as we know, lot of knowledge books is written in English. If we can’t find book that we want in our language, so we must find it in English. It is not be hard for us if we always speak in English. So, it can increase our knowledge, isn’t it?

Thirdly, English is a “lingua franca” in this world. All of people must speak in English if want to join with person in other country. It can be easier to be a part of International Activity.

So, let’s we realize English day just now. It is not time to be doubt. No matter what they say about us. Just be confident. We know that English is important to learn and practice. But, if we not to try, we can’t do it. Be a part of the world now!!!

Analyze the paragraph above using generic structure of analytical exposition!

1. which paragraph shows the thesis
2. which paragraph shows the first argument
3. which paragraph shows the second argument
4. which paragraph shows the third argument
5. which paragraph shows the reiteration
6. Find noun phrases!

TEXT III

Having breakfast is necessary for us. Firstly, breakfast helps us keep a healthy

Body weight because it helps control the urge to nibble or eat a large lunch. The American Dietetic Association (ADA) has found that children who eat a healthy breakfast maintain a healthy weight better than children who skip breakfast. They are less likely to overeat later in the day and feel full longer.

Secondly, breakfast helps us feel good. Maybe you often get morning stomachaches if you miss breakfast. These aches are usually hunger related.

Thirdly, breakfast fuels the body with nutrients that you may not be able to make up with other meals. By having breakfast, we can acquire sufficient nutrition and energy to support a day’s work and studies.

Finally, breakfast gets us ready to learn. The Surgeon General has found that kids not only learn better after eating breakfast, but they are more productive and get more done in the morning too.

In conclusion, breakfast is good for us.

7.      What is the purpose of the text?

a.  To present at least two points of view about an issue.

b.    To criticize an art work.

c.    To persuade the readers that something is the case.

d.   To persuade the readers that something should be the case.

e.   To describe how something is accomplished through a sequence of steps.

8.      How can breakfast help us keep a healthy body weight?

1. By helping us feel good.
2. By helping control the urge to nibble or eat a large lunch.
3. By preventing us to eat snacks.
4. By fueling the body with nutrients.
5. By controlling the nutrients.

9.      Below are the affects of having a good breakfast, except

1. we can earn better                               d. we can learn important things
2. we can he more productive                 e. we can keep a healthy body weight
3. we can acquire more nutrition

10.      “By having breakfast, we can acquire sufficient nutrition and energy to support a day’s work and studies.” (paragraph 3)

The word ‘acquire’ means

a.       gain                    c. find                          e. buy

b.      help                    d. Suffer

TEXT IV

Keeping pets at home

Nowadays there are many people keeping pets at their home. Keeping pets at home is beneficial for us for several reasons.

First, keeping pets at home can make us healthier. Some studies show that contact with a pet has a very calming and soothing effect on humans. Other studies have indicated that owning a pet may reduce one’s risk of cardiovascular disease. Further, some studies have also indicated that if you grow up in a home with furred pets, your risk of contracting allergies is considerably reduced.

Another thing is that it can help children to be responsible. By keeping pets at home, children have to feed and water them regularly. If the children don’t do it, it will cause a bad effect towards the pets. Anything else in life can wait, perhaps, but never the regular feeding and watering of the pets.

The keeping of pets in the house can also make children think critically. It gives children an opportunity to learn a great deal about the animals’ ways of lives. It is valuable as a stimulus to think.

Thus, for the reasons above, it is good to have a pet at home.

11.      Below are the advantages of keeping pets at home according to the text, except

a.       it gives children an opportunity to learn a great deal about the animals’ ways of lives

b.      it can reduce our risk of contracting allergies

c.       it can make us study more diligently at school

d.      it can make us healthier

e.       it can help children think critically

12.       How can keeping pets teach children to be responsible?

1. It can make children live healthier.
2. Children have to feed their pets and water them regularly.
3. If children grow up in a home with furred pets, their risk of contracting allergies is considerably reduced.
4. It can make children feel calm.
5. It can help children think critically.

13.      What is the purpose of the text?

1. To persuade the readers that something is the case.
2. To persuade the readers that something should or should not be the case.
3. To share an unusual or amusing incident.
4. To describe how something is accomplished through a sequence of actions or steps.
5. To amuse or entertain the readers.

14.      Which of the following is the thesis of the text?

1. It can help children to be responsible.
2. The keeping of pets in the house will make children think critically.
3. It gives children an opportunity to learn a great deal about the animals’ ways of lives.
4. Keeping pets at home is beneficial for us.
5. Keeping pets at home can make us healthier.

15.       “Some studies show that contact with a pet has a very calming and soothing effect on humans.” (paragraph 2)

The bold-typed word means —______

1. making somebody worried
2. reducing somebody’s risk of cardiovascular disease
3. making somebody who is anxious feel calmer
4. healing one’s allergy
5. reducing one’s risk of contracting allergies

B.   Speaking

            Expressing agreement and disagreement

The bold typed sentences in the dialogue above are used to express agreement and disagreement. Agreement expression are used to express our view toward someone’s opinion

Agreement	Disagreement
I agree with you That’s quite right That’s great That’s true I quite do I share the same opinion	I disagree Sorry, that’s not a good idea I don’t agree with you Not really That’s good but… No I don’t think I agree No I don’t think I can accept your ….

Make a dialogue using the expression of agreement and disagreement, then practice!

Untuk guru: Guru dapat memanfaatkan soal REVIEW berikut untuk mengukur tingkat kompetensi siswa.
Review unit ini terdiri atas dua bagian, yaitu soal pilihan ganda (mencakup listening dan reading) dan soal tertulis. Berikut teks yang dibaca guru pada Listening Section.

This dialog is for questions 1 and 2.

Girl  :   Ronny, what are you doing up there?

Boy :   Um . . . I am trying to fix the roof.

Girl  :   I see. Be careful then! It’s quite slippery!

Boy :   I know. Thanks, Tania.

Questions: 

1.    What is Ronny doing?

2.    Why does Tania warn Ronny to be careful?

This dialog is for question 3.

Boy  :   I want to go to Anin’s house, Rico. Do you think she’ll be at home now?

Girl   :   You’d better call her first, Mia.

Boy  :   Good suggestion. Thanks. I’ll call her right now.

Girl   :   You’re welcome.

Question: 

3.    What does Rico advise Mia to do?

This text is for questions 4 and 5.

       I personally think that reading is a very important activity in our life.  Why do I say so? Well, firstly, by reading we can get a lot of knowledge about many things in the world such as science, technology, sports, arts and culture. We can learn about all these things by reading books, magazines, newspapers or surfing the Internet.

       Secondly, by reading we can get a lot of news and information about what is happening in other parts of the world.

       You know, reading can give us pleasure too.  When we are tired, we read the entertainment section of
a newspaper of magazine for relaxation.

       Lastly, reading can also take us to other parts of the world. By reading a book about Papua, we may feel we’re really sitting in a jungle in Papua, not at home in our rooms.

       From the facts I have stated, it’s obvious that everyone needs to read to get knowledge, information and also entertainment. In summary, we can say reading is truly important in our lives.

Adapted from: March 30, 2009 <http://najmimaulana.wordpress.com/2008/07/05/the-importance-of-reading/>

Questions: 

4.    What is the text mainly about?

5.     Which statement is NOT TRUE about the text?

Activity 2

      Mata Pelajaran     :     Bahasa Inggris                           Kelas          :   XI

     Jenjang                :     SMA/MA                                      Semester    :   2 (Dua)

Nama		Nomor Induk
Kelas		Tanda Tangan

I.     Choose A, B, C, D or E for the correct answer.

A.    Listening Section

 1.    A.    He is buying a new roof.                    

       B.    He is trying to fix the roof.

       C.    He is switching on the lamp.   

       D.    He is trying to fix the wire.

       E.    He is doing nothing.

 2.    A.    Because it is already dark.

       B.    Because the roof is slippery.

       C.    Because the roof is not strong enough.

       D.    Because Ronny doesn’t wear his glasses.

       E.    Because Ronny has never done the activity before.

         

           3.    A.    To call Anin first.       

      B.    To call him first.                     

      C.    To talk with him first.

      D.    To leave Anin’s house soon.

      E.    To go to Anin’s house immediately.    

 4.    A.    The purpose of reading.

       B.    Kinds of reading materials.

       C.    The function of reading.

       D.    The description of reading.

       E.    The importance of reading.

 5.    A.    We can get news by reading.

       B.    We can get pleasure by reading.

       C.    We can get a lot of information by reading.

       D.    We can get a lot of friends by reading.

       E.    We can get a lot of knowledge by reading.

This is the end of the listening section.

Activity 3

B.   Reading Section

This text is for questions 6 to 9.

              Drug users are actually ill people who need to be helped. Rehabilitation is one of the main things that they should get. Instead of punishing them and filling up the prisons with them, the government should provide rehabilitation for them.

              Most users are actually victims of drug dealers and they suffer from consuming the drugs. Therefore, by rehabilitating them, we are actually helping them out of a trap they have fallen in. They, then, can start a normal life again. On the other hand, if we only arrest drug users and send them to jail, it doesn’t solve the problem because the drug users will still be addicts unless being properly treated.

           Jails will be filled up with drug users. Moreover, the users will still be users after being released from prison. They, then, will be arrested again.

            By providing rehabilitation programs for drug users and forcing them to participate in the programs is a better way than only arresting them and doing nothing on to cure their illness. Moreover, prisons will not be so full and packed up with users. Only drug dealers, traffickers and wholesalers should be imprisoned.

       Adapted from: Joko Priyana, Riandi, Anita Prasetyo Mumpuni, Interlanguage English for Senior High School Students XI Science and Social Study Programme, Jakarta, Pusat Perbukuan Depdiknas, 2008.

6.     What is the topic of the text?

     A.   Drug users.                             

     B.   A punishment for drug users.

     C.   Rehabilitation for drug users.   

     D.   Death penalty for drug dealers.

     E.   How to stop the activities of drug dealers.

 7.    Which statement is NOT TRUE about drug users?

     A.   Most users are actually victims of drug dealers.

     B.   Jail is not an effective way of punishing drug users.

     C.   Forcing drug users to participate in the rehabilitation programs is useless.

     D.   Arresting drug users just fills up jails.

     E.   Drug dealers should be imprisoned.

 8.    According to the writer, the drug users should be ________.

     A.   accompanied         B.    entertained

     C.   rehabilitated           D.    trapped

     E.   imprisoned

9. “. . . is a better way than only arresting them and doing nothing on to cure their illness.” (Paragraph 4)

      The opposite meaning of the underlined word is ________.

    A.   damage                 B.    prevent

    C.   build                      D.    develop

    E.   refuse

This text is for question 10.

Announcement

To commemorate World AIDS Day,

we will hold a seminar about drug abuse

in the school hall on December 1, 2010 at
nine o’clock.

All students are invited to join.

For further information, please contact the
OSIS chairperson.

Wildan

OSIS chairperson

10.  Which statement is NOT TRUE based on the text?

     A.   The seminar is held to commemorate World AIDS Day.

     B.   The announcement was written by the OSIS chairperson.

     C.   The seminar will be conducted in December.

     D.   The seminar is only for students of Grade XII.

     E.   The seminar is about drug abuse.

This text is for questions 11 to 14.

Learning English

                   Learning English through music and songs can be very enjoyable. You can mix pleasure with learning when you listen to a song and exploit the song as a means to improve your English. Some underlying reasons can be drawn to support the idea why we use songs in language learning.

                  Firstly, “the song stuck in my head” phenomenon (the echoing in our minds of the last song we hear after leaving a restaurant, shopping malls, etc.) can be both enjoyable and sometimes unnerving. This phenomenon also seems to reinforce the idea that songs work on our short and long term memory.

                  Secondly, songs in general also use simple conversational language, with a lot of repetition, which is just what many learners look for in sample texts. The fact that they are effective makes them many times more motivating than other texts. Although usually simple, some songs can be quite complex syntactically, lexically and poetically, and can be analyzed in the same way as any other literary sample.  

                  Furthermore, songs can be appropriated by listeners for their own purposes. Most pop songs and probably many other types of songs don’t have precise people, place or time reference.

                  In addition, songs are relaxing. They provide variety and fun, and encourage harmony within oneself and within one group. Little wonder they are important tools in sustaining culture, religion, patriotism and even revolution.

                   Last but not least, there are many learning activities we can do with songs such as studying grammar, practicing selective listening comprehension, translating songs, learning
vocabulary, spelling and culture.

                  From the reasons above, it can be concluded that through music and songs, learning English can be enjoyable and fun.

Source: March 30, 2009 <http://najmimaulana.wordpress.com/2008/07/05/learning-english/>

11.   What is the text about?

       A.    Learning English through music and songs.

       B.    The enjoyable music and songs.

       C.    The phenomenon of English music and songs.

       D.    Music and songs’ listeners.

       E.    The learning activities involving music and songs.

12.   Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the text?

      A.   Songs provide variety and fun.

      B.   Songs are more motivating than other texts.

      C.   Songs work on our short and long term memory.

      D.   Only simple songs can be used in language learning.

      E.   Songs can be appropriated by listeners for their own purposes.

13.  Why are songs relaxing?

      A.   They are easy listening.           

      B.   They use simple languages.

      C.   They provide variety and fun.

      D.   They are important tools in sustaining culture.

      E.   They work on short and long term memory.

14.   “The fact that they are effective makes them many times more motivating than other texts.” (Paragraph 3)

        The underlined word refers to ________.

      A.   groups                   B.    learners

      C.   people                   D.    songs

      E.   sample texts

15.  Rino  :  It seems you are in a hurry.

 Ega   :  Yes. I will go to Mrs. Heryanto’s house. 

              I won’t meet her ________ I hurry up.

       A.   because                 B.    before

       C.   unless                    D.    if not  

       E.   otherwise 

This text is for questions 16 to 20.

                   A needle exchange program would only encourage more people to use drugs, in my opinion, and many would still share needles or reuse needles even if there was a program.

                   Giving needles out for addicts to prevent the spread of disease will only encourage them and others to consume drugs more often. In addition, it may even encourage people, who have never tried certain types of drugs, to try them because now they will get their needles for free. Do we really want to encourage this type of behavior? I wouldn’t think so. Moreover, by giving needles to addicts, we are also taking away from other programs that are already low on funding. The money for needle exchange would take away from Medicare programs that are there to help the elderly and disabled. There have already been enough Medicare cuts without the extra cuts this would bring about.

                   Then, you also have the problem of some who will not use the needles and will keep reusing the needles they’ve already had. Most addicts are too far gone to worry about whether they reuse a needle or not, and many do not care about their chances of catching an infectious disease.

                    In the early 1980’s, insulin and allergy syringes could be bought in any drugstore without
a prescription, so addicts had no problem obtaining needles if they had the money. Even though they did not need a prescription, they still continued to reuse needles and shared with others. Consequently, it led to the AIDS epidemic. In the early 1990’s, states started requiring that syringes be kept behind the counter in drugstores and prescriptions for syringes were needed. This was a way to cut down on illegal drug use and reusing of needles. This was also an effort to slow down the AIDS epidemic. It has not worked either, but the answer to the drug problem and the spread of diseases through used needles is not to equip addicts with tools with which to continue their illegal activities.

                    We must spend the money that the needle exchange program would cost in other areas to help stop the use of drugs altogether.

       Source: Joko Priyana, Riandi, Anita Prasetyo Mumpuni, Interlanguage English for Senior High School Students XI Science and Social Study Programme, Jakarta, Pusat Perbukuan Depdiknas, 2008.

16.  What is the purpose of the text?

     A.   To describe the way things are.

     B.   To amuse or entertain the readers.

     C.   To persuade the readers that something is the case.

     D.   To persuade the readers that something should or should not be the case.

     E.   To describe how something is accomplished through a sequence of actions or steps.

17.   Below are the effects of giving needles to addicts according to the writer, except ________.

     A.   it will encourage them and others to do drugs more often

     B.   it increases their chances of catching an infectious disease

     C.   some drug users will keep reusing the needles they already have

     D.   it may encourage people, who have never tried certain types of drugs, to try them

     E.   it will be taking away the money spent on other programs that are already low on funding

18.   Why does giving needles out for addicts possibly encourage people to try certain types of drugs?

     A.   Because they can reuse the needle.

     B.   Because they get needles for free.

     C.   Because they can buy syringes without prescription.

     D.   Because they now know to prevent the spread of an infectious disease.

     E.   Because there is no chance of catching an infectious disease.

19.   “This was a way to cut down on illegal drug use and reusing of needles.” (Paragraph 4)

      What does the word ‘this’ refer to?

      A.   State regulations about where to place and how to get syringes.

      B.   The needles which are only available with prescriptions.

      C.   The effort to stop the further epidemic of AIDS.

      D.   The act of giving needles.

      E.   The needle exchange program.

20.   “. . . diseases through used needles is not to equip addicts with tools with which to continue their illegal activities.” (Paragraph 4) The synonym of the word ‘equip’ is ________.

      A.   fund                      B.    control

      C.   prevent                  D.    provide          

      E.   prohibit